Economy - overview:
Estonia, a 2004 European Union entrant, has a modern market-based economy and one of the higher per capita income levels in Central Europe and the Baltic region. Estonia's successive governments have pursued a free market, pro-business economic agenda and have wavered little in their commitment to pro-market reforms. The current government has followed sound fiscal policies that have resulted in balanced budgets and very low public debt. The economy benefits from strong electronics and telecommunications sectors and strong trade ties with Finland, Sweden, and Germany. Tallinn's priority has been to sustain high growth rates - on average 8% per year from 2003 to 2007. Estonia's economy slowed down markedly and fell sharply into recession in mid-2008, primarily as a result of an investment and consumption slump following the bursting of the real estate market bubble. GDP dropped nearly 14% in 2009, among the world's highest rates of contraction. Rising exports to Sweden and Finland lead an economic recovery in 2010, but unemployment stands at 13% in 2011. Estonia joined the OECD in December 2010 and adopted the euro in January 2011.
GDP (purchasing power parity): GDP (official exchange rate): GDP - real growth rate: GDP - per capita (PPP): GDP - composition by sector: Labor force: Labor force - by occupation: Unemployment rate: Population below poverty line: Household income or consumption by percentage share: Distribution of family income - Gini index: Investment (gross fixed): Budget: Taxes and other revenues: Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-): Public debt: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Commercial bank prime lending rate: Stock of narrow money: Stock of broad money: Stock of domestic credit: Market value of publicly traded shares: Agriculture - products: Industries: Industrial production growth rate: Electricity - production: Electricity - consumption: Electricity - exports: Electricity - imports: Oil - production: Oil - consumption: Oil - exports: Oil - imports: Natural gas - production: Natural gas - consumption: Natural gas - exports: Natural gas - imports: Natural gas - proved reserves: Current account balance: Exports: Exports - commodities: Exports - partners: Imports: Imports - commodities: Imports - partners: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Debt - external: Stock of direct foreign investment - at home: Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad: Exchange rates:
NOTE: 1) The information regarding Estonia on this page is re-published from the 2012 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Estonia Economy 2012 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Estonia Economy 2012 should be addressed to the CIA.
$26.93 billion (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 111
note: data are in 2011 US dollars
[see also: GDP country ranks ]
$22.5 billion (2011 est.)
[see also: GDP (official exchange rate) country ranks ]
6.5% (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 30
[see also: GDP - real growth rate country ranks ]
$20,200 (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 62
note: data are in 2011 US dollars
[see also: GDP - per capita country ranks ]
agriculture: 2.6%
[see also: GDP - composition by sector - agriculture country ranks ]
industry: 29.2%
[see also: GDP - composition by sector - industry country ranks ]
services: 68.2% (2011 est.)
[see also: GDP - composition by sector - services country ranks ]
685,400 (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 150
[see also: Labor force country ranks ]
agriculture: 2.8%
[see also: Labor force - by occupation - agriculture country ranks ]
industry: 22.7%
[see also: Labor force - by occupation - industry country ranks ]
services: 74.5% (2008)
[see also: Labor force - by occupation - services country ranks ]
13% (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 134
[see also: Unemployment rate country ranks ]
19.7% (2008)
[see also: Population below poverty line country ranks ]
lowest 10%: 2.7%
[see also: Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10% country ranks ]
highest 10%: 27.7% (2004)
[see also: Household income or consumption by percentage share - highest 10% country ranks ]
31.4 (2009)
country comparison to the world: 109
[see also: Distribution of family income - Gini index country ranks ]
19.9% of GDP (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 119
[see also: Investment (gross fixed) country ranks ]
revenues: $8.645 billion
[see also: Budget revenues country ranks ]
expenditures: $8.926 billion (2011 est.)
[see also: Budget expenditures country ranks ]
38.4% of GDP (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 49
[see also: Taxes and other revenues country ranks ]
-1.2% of GDP (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 57
[see also: Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) country ranks ]
5.8% of GDP (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 130
note: data cover general Government Debt, and includes debt instruments issued (or owned) by Government entities, including sub-sectors of central government, state government, local government, and social security funds
[see also: Public debt country ranks ]
5% (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 113
[see also: Inflation rate (consumer prices) country ranks ]
7.5% (31 December 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 126
[see also: Commercial bank prime lending rate country ranks ]
$7.139 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 82
note: this figure represents the US dollar value of Estonian kroon in circulation prior to Estonia's joining the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU); see entry for the European Union for money supply in the euro area; the European Central Bank (ECB) controls monetary policy for the 17 members of the EMU; individual members of the EMU do not control the quantity of money circulating within their own borders
[see also: Stock of narrow money country ranks ]
$12.26 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 99
[see also: Stock of broad money country ranks ]
$20.26 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 81
[see also: Stock of domestic credit country ranks ]
$2.26 billion (31 December 2010)
country comparison to the world: 90
[see also: Market value of publicly traded shares country ranks ]
grain, potatoes, vegetables; livestock and dairy products; fish
engineering, electronics, wood and wood products, textiles; information technology, telecommunications
7.3% (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 34
[see also: Industrial production growth rate country ranks ]
8.779 billion kWh (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 94
[see also: Electricity - production country ranks ]
7.08 billion kWh (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 99
[see also: Electricity - consumption country ranks ]
2.943 billion kWh (2009 est.)
[see also: Electricity - exports country ranks ]
3.025 billion kWh (2009 est.)
[see also: Electricity - imports country ranks ]
7,642 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 91
[see also: Oil - production country ranks ]
31,000 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 115
[see also: Oil - consumption country ranks ]
0 bbl/day (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 168
[see also: Oil - exports country ranks ]
28,520 bbl/day (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 104
[see also: Oil - imports country ranks ]
0 cu m (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 177
[see also: Natural gas - production country ranks ]
1.02 billion cu m (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 89
[see also: Natural gas - consumption country ranks ]
0 cu m (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 92
[see also: Natural gas - exports country ranks ]
1.02 billion cu m (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 59
[see also: Natural gas - imports country ranks ]
0 cu m (1 January 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 132
[see also: Natural gas - proved reserves country ranks ]
$390.1 million (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 53
[see also: Current account balance country ranks ]
$15.64 billion (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 77
[see also: Exports country ranks ]
machinery and electrical equipment 21%, wood and wood products 9%, metals 9%, furniture 7%, vehicles and parts 5%, food products and beverages 4%, textiles 4%, plastics 3%
Finland 18.5%, Sweden 17%, Russia 10.4%, Latvia 9.8%, Germany 5.7%, Lithuania 5.3% (2010)
$16.24 billion (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 82
[see also: Imports country ranks ]
machinery and electrical equipment 22%, mineral fuels 18%, chemical products 3%, foodstuffs 6%, plastics 6%, textiles 5%
Finland 15.7%, Germany 11.9%, Sweden 11.6%, Latvia 11.5%, Lithuania 8.2%, Poland 6.8%, Russia 4.5% (2010)
$319.6 million (31 December 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 159
[see also: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold country ranks ]
$25.4 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 72
[see also: Debt - external country ranks ]
$18.39 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 71
[see also: Stock of direct foreign investment - at home country ranks ]
$7.029 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 55
[see also: Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad country ranks ]
kroon (EEK) per US dollar -
2) The rank that you see is the CIA reported rank, which may habe the following issues:
a) They assign increasing rank number, alphabetically for countries with the same value of the ranked item, whereas we assign them the same rank.
b) The CIA sometimes assignes counterintuitive ranks. For example, it assigns unemployment rates in increasing order, whereas we rank them in decreasing order
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This page was last modified 07-Mar-12