Nationality:
noun: Turkmen(s)
adjective: Turkmen

Ethnic groups:
Turkmen 85%, Uzbek 5%, Russian 4%, other 6% (2003)

Languages:
Turkmen (official) 72%, Russian 12%, Uzbek 9%, other 7%

Religions:
Muslim 89%, Eastern Orthodox 9%, unknown 2%

Population:
5,054,828 (July 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 118
[see also: Population country ranks ]

Age structure:
0-14 years: 27.5% (male 696,749/female 679,936)
[see also: Age structure 0-14 years country ranks ]
15-64 years: 68.4% (male 1,692,885/female 1,724,019)
[see also: Age structure 15-64 years country ranks ]
65 years and over: 4.1% (male 88,590/female 115,324) (2011 est.)
[see also: Age structure 65 years and over country ranks ]

Median age:
total: 25.3 years
[see also: Median age - total country ranks ]
male: 24.9 years
[see also: Median age - male country ranks ]
female: 25.8 years (2011 est.)
[see also: Median age - female country ranks ]

Population growth rate:
1.143% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 102
[see also: Population growth rate country ranks ]

Birth rate:
19.55 births/1,000 population (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 91
[see also: Birth rate country ranks ]

Death rate:
6.21 deaths/1,000 population (July 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 158
[see also: Death rate country ranks ]

Net migration rate:
-1.9 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 161
[see also: Net migration rate country ranks ]

Urbanization:
urban population: 50% of total population (2010)
[see also: Urbanization - urban population country ranks ]
rate of urbanization: 2.2% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
[see also: Urbanization - rate of urbanization country ranks ]

Major cities - population:
ASHGABAT (capital) 637,000 (2009)

Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
[see also: Sex ratio - at birth country ranks ]
under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
[see also: Sex ratio - under 15 years country ranks ]
15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female
[see also: Sex ratio - 65 years and over country ranks ]
total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2012 est.)
[see also: Sex ratio - total population country ranks ]

Maternal mortality rate:
77 deaths/100,000 live births (2008)
country comparison to the world: 82
[see also: Maternal mortality rate country ranks ]

Infant mortality rate:
total: 40.89 deaths/1,000 live births
country comparison to the world: 60
male: 48.77 deaths/1,000 live births
[see also: Infant mortality rate - male country ranks ]
female: 32.61 deaths/1,000 live births (2012 est.)
[see also: Infant mortality rate - female country ranks ]

Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 68.84 years
country comparison to the world: 152
male: 65.87 years
[see also: Life expectancy at birth - male country ranks ]
female: 71.96 years (2012 est.)
[see also: Life expectancy at birth - female country ranks ]

Total fertility rate:
2.14 children born/woman (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 108
[see also: Total fertility rate country ranks ]

Health expenditures:
2.3% of GDP (2009)
country comparison to the world: 186
[see also: Health expenditures country ranks ]

Physicians density:
2.438 physicians/1,000 population (2007)
country comparison to the world: 56
[see also: Physicians density country ranks ]

Hospital bed density:
4.06 beds/1,000 population (2007)
country comparison to the world: 49
[see also: Hospital bed density country ranks ]

Drinking water source:
improved: