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Ethiopia Economy 2012

SOURCE: 2012 CIA WORLD FACTBOOK AND OTHER SOURCES











Ethiopia Economy 2012
SOURCE: 2012 CIA WORLD FACTBOOK AND OTHER SOURCES


Page last updated on February 22,

Economy - overview:
Ethiopia's poverty-stricken economy is based on agriculture, accounting for almost 50% of GDP, and 85% of total employment. The agricultural sector suffers from frequent drought and poor cultivation practices. Coffee is critical to the Ethiopian economy with exports of some $350 million in 2006, but historically low prices have seen many farmers switching to qat to supplement income. Under Ethiopia's constitution, the state owns all land and provides long-term leases to the tenants; the system continues to hamper growth in the industrial sector as entrepreneurs are unable to use land as collateral for loans. In November 2001, Ethiopia qualified for debt relief from the Highly Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) initiative, and in December 2005 the IMF forgave Ethiopia's debt. The global economic downturn led to balance of payments pressures, partially alleviated by recent emergency funding from the IMF. While GDP growth has remained high, per capita income is among the lowest in the world.

GDP (purchasing power parity):
$94.76 billion (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 73

$88.13 billion (2010 est.)
$81.6 billion (2009 est.)
note: data are in 2011 US dollars
[see also: GDP country ranks ]

GDP (official exchange rate):
$30.5 billion (2011 est.)
[see also: GDP (official exchange rate) country ranks ]

GDP - real growth rate:
7.5% (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 13

8% (2010 est.)
10% (2009 est.)
[see also: GDP - real growth rate country ranks ]

GDP - per capita (PPP):
$1,100 (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 207

$1,000 (2010 est.)
$1,000 (2009 est.)
note: data are in 2011 US dollars
[see also: GDP - per capita country ranks ]

GDP - composition by sector:
agriculture: 49.3%
[see also: GDP - composition by sector - agriculture country ranks ]
industry: 11.1%
[see also: GDP - composition by sector - industry country ranks ]
services: 39.6% (2011 est.)
[see also: GDP - composition by sector - services country ranks ]

Labor force:
37.9 million (2007)
country comparison to the world: 17
[see also: Labor force country ranks ]

Labor force - by occupation:
agriculture: 85%
[see also: Labor force - by occupation - agriculture country ranks ]
industry: 5%
[see also: Labor force - by occupation - industry country ranks ]
services: 10% (2009 est.)
[see also: Labor force - by occupation - services country ranks ]

Unemployment rate:
NA%
[see also: Unemployment rate country ranks ]

Population below poverty line:
38.7% (FY05/06 est.)
[see also: Population below poverty line country ranks ]

Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%: 4.1%
[see also: Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10% country ranks ]
highest 10%: 25.6% (2005)
[see also: Household income or consumption by percentage share - highest 10% country ranks ]

Distribution of family income - Gini index:
30 (2000)
country comparison to the world: 117

40 (1995)
[see also: Distribution of family income - Gini index country ranks ]

Investment (gross fixed):
25.7% of GDP (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 59
[see also: Investment (gross fixed) country ranks ]

Budget:
revenues: $4.645 billion
[see also: Budget revenues country ranks ]
expenditures: $5.25 billion (2011 est.)
[see also: Budget expenditures country ranks ]

Taxes and other revenues:
15.2% of GDP (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 185
[see also: Taxes and other revenues country ranks ]

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):
-2% of GDP (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 76
[see also: Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) country ranks ]

Public debt:
42.3% of GDP (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 72

48.3% of GDP (2010 est.)
[see also: Public debt country ranks ]

Inflation rate (consumer prices):
28.8% (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 220

8.1% (2010 est.)
[see also: Inflation rate (consumer prices) country ranks ]

Central bank discount rate:
NA%
[see also: Central bank discount rate country ranks ]

Commercial bank prime lending rate:
15% (31 December 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 52

14.5% (31 December 2010 est.)
[see also: Commercial bank prime lending rate country ranks ]

Stock of narrow money:
$6.199 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 89

$4.4 billion (31 December 2010 est.)
[see also: Stock of narrow money country ranks ]

Stock of broad money:
$10.52 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 103

$7.589 billion (31 December 2010 est.)
[see also: Stock of broad money country ranks ]

Stock of domestic credit:
$10.92 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 94

$7.988 billion (31 December 2010 est.)
[see also: Stock of domestic credit country ranks ]

Market value of publicly traded shares:
$NA
[see also: Market value of publicly traded shares country ranks ]

Agriculture - products:
cereals, pulses, coffee, oilseed, cotton, sugarcane, potatoes, qat, cut flowers; hides, cattle, sheep, goats; fish

Industries:
food processing, beverages, textiles, leather, chemicals, metals processing, cement

Industrial production growth rate:
9.5% (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 10
[see also: Industrial production growth rate country ranks ]

Electricity - production:
3.715 billion kWh (2008 est.)
country comparison to the world: 122
[see also: Electricity - production country ranks ]

Electricity - consumption:
3.357 billion kWh (2008 est.)
country comparison to the world: 126
[see also: Electricity - consumption country ranks ]

Electricity - exports:
0 kWh (2009 est.)
[see also: Electricity - exports country ranks ]

Electricity - imports:
0 kWh (2009 est.)
[see also: Electricity - imports country ranks ]

Oil - production:
0 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 169
[see also: Oil - production country ranks ]

Oil - consumption:
47,000 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 100
[see also: Oil - consumption country ranks ]

Oil - exports:
0 bbl/day (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 170
[see also: Oil - exports country ranks ]

Oil - imports:
33,480 bbl/day (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 99
[see also: Oil - imports country ranks ]

Natural gas - production:
0 cu m (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 180
[see also: Natural gas - production country ranks ]

Natural gas - consumption:
0 cu m (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 175
[see also: Natural gas - consumption country ranks ]

Natural gas - exports:
0 cu m (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 95
[see also: Natural gas - exports country ranks ]

Natural gas - imports:
0 cu m (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 189
[see also: Natural gas - imports country ranks ]

Natural gas - proved reserves:
24.92 billion cu m (1 January 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 73
[see also: Natural gas - proved reserves country ranks ]

Current account balance:
-$1.334 billion (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 143

-$1.915 billion (2010 est.)
[see also: Current account balance country ranks ]

Exports:
$2.231 billion (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 138

$1.716 billion (2010 est.)
[see also: Exports country ranks ]

Exports - commodities:
coffee, qat, gold, leather products, live animals, oilseeds

Exports - partners:
China 13.9%, Germany 10.5%, Belgium 7.5%, Saudi Arabia 7.1%, US 6.8%, Sudan 4.6% (2010)

Imports:
$7.888 billion (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 105

$6.992 billion (2010 est.)
[see also: Imports country ranks ]

Imports - commodities:
food and live animals, petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, machinery, motor vehicles, cereals, textiles

Imports - partners:
China 15.1%, US 9.5%, Saudi Arabia 8.8% (2010)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
$2.029 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 119

$1.808 billion (31 December 2010 est.)
[see also: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold country ranks ]

Debt - external:
$6.402 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 105

$5.593 billion (31 December 2010 est.)
[see also: Debt - external country ranks ]

Exchange rates:
birr (ETB) per US dollar -

17.2 (2011 est.)
14.41 (2010 est.)
11.78 (2009)
9.57 (2008)
8.96 (2007)


NOTE: 1) The information regarding Ethiopia on this page is re-published from the 2012 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Ethiopia Economy 2012 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Ethiopia Economy 2012 should be addressed to the CIA.
2) The rank that you see is the CIA reported rank, which may habe the following issues:
  a) They assign increasing rank number, alphabetically for countries with the same value of the ranked item, whereas we assign them the same rank.
  b) The CIA sometimes assignes counterintuitive ranks. For example, it assigns unemployment rates in increasing order, whereas we rank them in decreasing order






This page was last modified 07-Mar-12
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